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Stomach cancer

Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor originating from the stomach lining and is one of the common gastrointestinal cancers worldwide, with particularly high incidence in Asia. Early-stage gastric cancer often has no obvious symptoms, so it is frequently diagnosed at a middle or advanced stage, increasing the complexity of care. Common types include adenocarcinoma (most common), mucinous carcinoma, and signet-ring cell carcinoma.

High-Risk Factors Include:

  • Helicobacter pylori infection: Long-term infection is associated with chronic gastritis and gastric ulcers

  • Dietary habits: Excessive intake of high-salt or pickled foods, low consumption of fruits and vegetables

  • Family history: Higher risk if there is a family history of gastric cancer

  • Age factor: Risk increases in individuals over 50 years old

  • Lifestyle factors: Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, obesity

Early-stage gastric cancer often shows no obvious symptoms. As the disease progresses, the following may appear:

  • Indigestion: Loss of appetite, bloating, nausea, early satiety

  • Upper abdominal pain or discomfort: Often located in the upper abdomen or stomach area

  • Weight loss and fatigue: Unexplained weight loss and general tiredness

  • Black or bloody stools: May indicate gastric bleeding

  • Difficulty swallowing: If the tumor is near the pylorus or gastroesophageal junction

  • Advanced symptoms: Ascites, abdominal masses, jaundice, or signs of metastasis

Since these symptoms are similar to chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and other digestive conditions, early screening is especially important for high-risk individuals.

The diagnosis of gastric cancer relies on multiple examination methods:

Endoscopic Examination (Gastroscopy)

  • Allows direct visualization of gastric mucosal lesions and tissue biopsy

  • Confirms tumor type, grade, and stage

Imaging Studies

  • CT / MRI: Assess tumor size, location, and involvement of surrounding organs

  • PET-CT: Evaluate possible distant metastasis

Blood Tests

  • Tumor markers (e.g., CEA, CA72-4) can assist in diagnosis and monitoring disease progression

Molecular and Genetic Testing

  • Analyzes tumor gene variations to guide personalized care and supportive strategies

The management of gastric cancer can include surgery, radiotherapy/chemotherapy, targeted/immunological support, and personalized care, aiming to slow disease progression and improve quality of life:

Surgery

  • Early-stage patients may undergo partial or total gastrectomy

  • Postoperative care combined with nutritional support promotes recovery

Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy

  • Controls tumor growth and reduces the risk of recurrence

  • Integrating care plans can help minimize side effects and maintain physical function

Targeted and Immunological Support

  • Personalized care plans are based on molecular testing results

  • Nutritional support and immune-enhancing therapies can boost the body’s resistance

Nutritional and Supportive Therapies

  • High-dose vitamin C, amino acids, glutathione, and trace element infusions

  • Improve energy levels, support immune function, and maintain overall health

Personalized Monitoring and Care

  • Regular imaging and blood tests to monitor disease progression

  • Adjust care plans, nutrition, lifestyle, and psychological support accordingly

  • High-risk individuals may receive specialized care plans, such as long-term support for chronic gastritis or gastric ulcers

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