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liver cancer

Liver cancer refers to malignant tumors originating in liver tissue and is one of the leading causes of liver-related deaths worldwide. Liver cancer can be classified into primary liver cancer (originating in the liver) and secondary liver cancer (metastatic from other organs), with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) being the most common type.

High-risk factors for liver cancer include:

  • Chronic liver disease: such as chronic hepatitis B or C, and liver cirrhosis

  • Lifestyle factors: long-term alcohol consumption, obesity, diabetes

  • Environmental factors: prolonged exposure to carcinogens like aflatoxins

  • Family history: individuals with a family history of liver cancer are at higher risk

Because early-stage liver cancer often shows no obvious symptoms, regular liver function tests and imaging screenings are crucial for high-risk populations.

Early-stage liver cancer may not show obvious symptoms. As the disease progresses, patients may experience:

  • Upper abdominal discomfort or pain: often located in the right upper abdomen, sometimes accompanied by bloating

  • Loss of appetite and weight loss

  • General symptoms: fatigue, weakness, or low-grade fever

  • Yellowing of skin and eyes: jaundice caused by elevated bilirubin

  • Ascites or enlarged liver: advanced patients may experience abdominal swelling or fluid accumulation

  • Other symptoms: nausea, vomiting, tendency to bleed, or bruising

Early symptoms are often subtle, so regular screening is essential for high-risk individuals to detect liver cancer at an early stage.

 
 

Diagnosis of liver cancer relies on multiple examination methods:

Imaging examinations

  • Ultrasound (US): initial assessment of liver lesions

  • CT / MRI: visualize tumor size, location, and vascular invasion

  • PET-CT: evaluate potential distant metastasis

Blood tests

  • Tumor markers (e.g., AFP, alpha-fetoprotein) can assist in diagnosis and monitor treatment response

Histological examination (biopsy)

  • Liver tissue may be obtained for microscopic analysis when necessary to confirm tumor type and staging

Molecular and genetic testing

  • Analyze tumor gene mutations to guide personalized care and supportive strategies

Management of liver cancer can include surgery, interventional therapies, targeted/immunological support, and personalized care, aiming to slow disease progression and improve quality of life:

Surgery and hepatic resection

  • Early tumors can be removed surgically

  • Postoperative nutrition support and care plans can accelerate recovery

Interventional therapies

  • Includes transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), etc.

  • Suitable for patients who are not candidates for surgery and can help control tumor growth

Targeted and immune support

  • Personalized care plans based on molecular testing

  • Nutrition support and immune-enhancing therapies can strengthen patient resistance

Nutrition and supportive treatments

  • High-dose vitamin C, amino acids, glutathione, and trace element infusions

  • Improve energy levels, maintain immune function, and support overall health

Personalized monitoring and care

  • Regular imaging and blood tests to monitor disease progression

  • Adjust care plans, nutrition, lifestyle, and psychological support accordingly

  • High-risk populations, such as patients with chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis, can receive specialized long-term care plans

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