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In Hong Kong’s healthcare environment, more and more patients hear doctors suggest “albumin supplementation.” But what exactly is albumin, and why do some patients need intravenous infusion? Is it driven by medical necessity or routine practice? How can patients and their families make informed decisions when information is limited? This article explores the clinical role, risks, controversies, and patient autonomy regarding albumin infusion from a patient-centered perspective in Hong Kong.

Many cancer patients explore complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) or supplements during treatment. However, not all methods are supported by strong scientific evidence, and some may even interfere with standard treatments. Below is a summary of commonly discussed approaches and their current research findings.

In Hong Kong, many cancer patients and survivors turn to supplements as supportive care. Among them, Antrodia cinnamomea (Niu Zhang Zhi) is often advertised as having anti-cancer and immune-enhancing benefits. But what does the science actually say?

Cancer cells rely heavily on glucose as their main energy source. When blood sugar and insulin levels remain elevated over time, tumor cells are more easily activated to grow and divide.

Cancer development is influenced not only by genetic factors but also by chronic inflammation in the body. Long-term stress, poor diet, lack of physical activity, and exposure to environmental toxins can push the body into a chronic inflammatory state. This disrupts epigenetic regulation, potentially switching off tumor-suppressor genes or activating oncogenes, creating a favorable environment for cancer growth.

Cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy often weaken the immune system, particularly T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Research shows that the faster immune recovery occurs, the higher the survival rate for cancer patients.

Curcumin has demonstrated multiple anti-cancer mechanisms in research, including reducing inflammation-related side effects, enhancing immune function, and improving quality of life. New high-bioavailability formulations are under clinical investigation, showing potential as supportive cancer therapy.

Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide found in the cell walls of brown seaweeds such as kelp, mozuku, and wakame. Its biological activity varies depending on the source and molecular weight. Research suggests that fucoidan with a molecular weight between 5–30 kDa demonstrates the strongest anti-tumor effects.

High-dose vitamin C may help improve cancer treatment side effects, enhance quality of life, and, in some clinical trials, show potential for extended survival. However, there is still insufficient evidence to confirm that it can directly cure cancer.

The gut microbiota is a key regulator of the human immune system. The intestinal mucosal barrier not only prevents harmful substances from entering the body but also maintains overall health through microbial and immune balance.